Hair extensions & thickening - Why they discolor and what you can do about it

Suddenly discolored hair extensions - a nightmare for many people who have invested a lot of money and care in their long hair. Especially with blonde extensions, it can happen that strands turn orange, pink or greenish. Why does this happen with extensions and not to the same extent with your own hair? In this article, we explain the most common causes of discoloration (especially those caused by the users themselves) and give practical tips on how you can protect your tapes, bondings or wefts from such color accidents. Important to know: In most cases, such discolorations are not a quality defect in the hair, but are due to external influences - and are difficult or impossible to reverse afterwards. This makes it all the more worthwhile to take preventative action and know the right measures.

Why do extensions discolor more easily than your own hair?

Human hair extensions - whether as tape extensions, bondings or sewn-in wefts - differ in their structure from natural hair. Extensions usually undergo an intensive chemical process: first, the original color is removed from the donor hair (it is heavily lightened or depigmented) and then dyed to the desired shade. Blonde extensions in particular were often originally darker and were lightened by bleaching. This procedure has two consequences:

• The hair structure of the extensions is more porous and sensitive. As the hair is no longer connected to the scalp, it lacks natural protective oils and nutrients. Extensions therefore absorb foreign substances more quickly than your own regrowing hair. To a certain extent, they act like a sponge that absorbs pigments or chemicals from the environment.
• Warm pigments can remain under the artificial target color of the extension, which are not visible at first. When the cool color pigments (e.g. ash or violet tones that keep a blonde tone neutral) wash out over time or are destroyed by chemical reactions, the warm undertone reappears. This explains why bleached hair - whether on your own head or as an extension - can develop a yellow or orange cast over time if nothing is done about it.

In short: Extensions are more susceptible to damage and discoloration than natural hair. This is a material-related characteristic and not a fault of the extensions. Even high-quality hair extensions are sensitive to certain influences - regardless of brand or quality. Once you are aware of these causes, you can better prevent discoloration.

Common causes of discoloration in extensions

Below we highlight the most common external causes that can lead to unsightly color changes in your hair extensions. Many of them are related to typical summer activities - but there are also a few pitfalls to watch out for in winter.

1. sunscreens and skin care products

Sunscreen is probably the best known "culprit" when extensions suddenly turn orange or pink. The reason lies in certain chemical UV filters in many sun protection products. Avobenzone (butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane) in particular, often in combination with octocrylene, reacts with the hair under UV light and causes a chemical reaction. This creates reactive oxygen molecules (free radicals) that attack the hair structure and break down melanin pigments in the hair. What remains is an orange tinge or pink shimmer, which is particularly visible on blonde hair. To put it simply, the UVA filter avobenzone has its own coloration that is transferred to the hair when exposed to sunlight - similar to the way it can leave permanent stains on clothing or bath towels. Octocrylene enhances this effect by stabilizing avobenzone and keeping it effective for longer.

In addition, avobenzone can react with metal particles in the water. In combination with tap or pool water containing iron, this leads to oxidation - a kind of rust stain on the hair. This explains why many people only notice that their extensions are discolored when they are on vacation: You apply sunscreen every day and go swimming or showering - over days the substances accumulate and at some point the hair suddenly shimmers apricot-colored.

In addition to sun creams, other skin care products can also be problematic, especially if they contain color-active ingredients

• Beta-carotene (provitamin A) is a natural colorant that is contained in some tanning oils, self-tanners or after-sun lotions. It gives the skin a light golden hue and can unfortunately turn blonde extensions bright orange if it is deposited there. Beta-carotene is fat-soluble and therefore "sticks" well to hair. Once absorbed, this color tint is extremely stubborn and almost impossible to wash out again
• Self-tanning lotions (DHA) and tinted body lotions can have a similar effect. If such products come into contact with the extensions (e.g. at the roots, neck or through contact with creamed skin), the porous hair absorbs the brownish pigments. The result is unwanted yellow-orange discoloration in the areas where hair and skin have come into contact
• Day creams with UV protection (which are also used in winter, e.g. when skiing) often contain the same filters as sun creams. Lip balm, make-up or foundation with a self-tanning effect can also leave an orange film on light-colored strands if the hair is often brushed over them.

The crucial point: Oily or tinted care products can release their colorants onto extensions. This is particularly true if these products have not been fully absorbed and are then exposed to sunlight or heat. Blonde extensions react much more strongly to this than natural hair - the latter will at most show a slight yellow tinge, whereas blonde extension hair can turn a visible orange color.

2. chlorine and salt water

Swimming pool water and seawater are other common causes of color changes in extensions - especially in combination with sun or heat.

• Chlorinated water (pool): Chlorine is used to keep the water clean by oxidatively "bleaching" organic residues. Unfortunately, it also bleaches our hair in the process. Chlorine removes oils, moisture and even color pigments from the hair, causing extensions to become brittle and lose color. In blonde hair, chlorine can cause a greenish discoloration - often resulting from the contact of chlorine with metals (copper pipes etc.), which accumulate in the water and then attach to the hair (classic green tint in blondes). Extensions that lack protective layers due to previous chemical treatment are affected particularly quickly. After frequent swimming, the hair can look duller and duller or take on an unattractive haze.
• Salt water (sea or sweat): Salt also removes moisture from the hair. This results in dry, roughened strands in which the originally stored color pigments have less hold. Especially with cold or ash blonde colored extensions, salt water can dissolve the delicate silver tones so that warmer, yellowish nuances come through again. Sea water also reflects sunlight, which intensifies the bleaching effect of UV rays. Many people notice after a beach vacation that their extensions have become significantly lighter or "brassier" than before.

Another factor: In summer, you often let your hair hang loose and wet over your (sunscreened) skin when swimming or sunbathing. This is practically an invitation for sunscreen + water to be in constant contact with the extensions - the perfect mix to provoke orange discoloration, as we have seen above. Therefore, swimming and sunbathing are the most critical activities for light-colored extensions.

3. UV radiation (sun and solarium)

Irrespective of products, UV radiation itself plays a role. Sunlight bleaches hair - we know this from natural hair (in summer, many hair ends become lighter by themselves). Direct sunlight can also fade or change the color of extensions. Darker tones lose intensity and blonde tones become even warmer (because the cool color pigments are destroyed more quickly). In addition, intense sun dries out the hair, making it more porous and susceptible to further damage.

A similar effect occurs in the solarium: The artificial UV-A rays not only tan the skin, but can also weaken the keratin bonds in the extensions. With keratin bonding extensions, the glue can become porous due to frequent visits to the solarium and the hair itself can fade. In addition, special tanning lotions are often used in solariums - which in turn may contain beta-carotene or other active ingredients that discolor the hair (similar to sun cream).

UV radiation is also an issue in winter, for example when skiing in the mountains. The combination of strong high-altitude sun and greasy cold protection creams on the face can damage extensions just as much as the summer sun on the beach. Remember: UV damage and product residues do not stop at any time of year, they are just more noticeable in summer.

4. minerals in water and hair routine

Obvious chemicals are not always needed to give extensions an unsightly sting - sometimes the tap water at home is enough. In some regions, the water is very hard, i.e. rich in minerals such as calcium, magnesium, but also traces of metals (iron, copper). These minerals can be deposited in the hair with every wash - similar to a limescale film that forms on shower heads or tiles. In the case of extensions that do not have a protective sebum layer, this leads to discoloration and a dull, yellowish film on the hair over a period of weeks. Iron in water in particular can cause a slightly reddish tinge (in conjunction with certain shampoos or products).

The wrong care products can also make the situation worse. For example, shampoos with silicones or strong conditioners leave layers on the hair that can react with water containing minerals. Thermal water from spas or health resorts often contains sulphur and other minerals - this can also discolor extensions or attack the connection points. If you like going to the spa or sauna in winter, you should keep this in mind.

Last but not least, certain hair care or styling products may themselves contain color pigments (e.g. tinted dry shampoos, colored shine sprays) - these should be used with caution on very light extensions, as they could leave a haze. The same applies to hairspray or perfume containing yellowish resins or oils: Not only do they dry out the hair, they can also cause slight yellowing when exposed to heat. As a general rule, anything that gets into the hair and is not clear can potentially cause discoloration.

5. clothing and external influences

Sometimes the color transfer comes from something you don't even think about - clothing or textiles. Light-colored extensions that constantly rub against dark textiles can absorb dyes over time. A typical example: You wear a new dark red scarf or a black hat in winter and the blonde extensions lie directly on top of it. Friction, moisture (rain, snow) or sweat can transfer minimal amounts of dye from the fabric into the hair. The hair then takes on an unwanted grey tinge or shimmer in the color of the garment. The more porous the hair (extensions are often already somewhat roughened), the more likely it is that foreign particles will adhere.

The situation is similar with bedding: If you sleep with open, light-colored extensions on colored pillows (especially new covers that have not been washed often), you run the risk of some color sticking to your hair. Although such discolorations are not usually bright orange, they can make the light blonde look dirty or pale.

Cigarette smoke and other air pollutants are also more likely to settle in porous hair. Heavy smoke can cause a yellow tinge - think of the yellowing of curtains in smokers' households. While natural hair tends to repel this film over time as the scalp becomes greasy, it tends to stick to extensions.

Conclusion on the causes: Most discoloration is caused by external influences, to which extensions are more susceptible than untreated hair. From sunscreen to pool water to tap water - many everyday things can trigger unwanted color reactions. It is important to know this so that you can take countermeasures in good time. In the next section, we will show you how to protect your hair extensions and avoid such problems.

Can discolorations be removed again?

Once extensions have become discolored (e.g. clearly orange), the question arises: Can this be reversed? The sobering truth: Only to a limited extent. Many discolorations are permanent because they penetrate deep into the hair fiber or have destroyed pigments. An orange tinge caused by beta-carotene or avobenzone cannot usually be simply washed out. Even repeated washing or household remedies such as silver shampoo are often of little help, as the cause is not a yellow pigment film but a chemical reaction.

Some manufacturers and salons offer special anti-orange treatments or cleansing sprays that can at least reduce the discoloration. These products often have a chelating effect (bind metal ions) or neutralize stored dye. One example is a so-called Color Reset or Color Restore spray, which was developed to remove orange stains from extensions. Such treatments can be successful in some cases and correct the tone somewhat. However, caution is advised: Any additional chemical treatment puts further strain on hair that is already under attack. In addition, these products do not always work 100% - especially if the discoloration is severe or has been there for a long time.

The most effective way is actually to replace the strands if the discoloration is very noticeable and bothersome. Of course, this involves costs and is therefore a last resort. Therefore our urgent advice: Prevention is better than repair afterwards! In the next section, you will learn how to prevent this from happening in the first place.

⚠ Note on warranty: Discoloration due to external influences is not considered a material defect in the extensions, but rather improper handling. The manufacturer's guarantee or warranty will not normally apply in such cases. On the contrary, it is often possible to prove which substances caused the discoloration - for example by chemically analyzing the residues in the hair. In other words: If extensions turn orange, this is not a quality defect in the hair, but is due to exposure to beta-carotene or avobenzone, for example. Be aware of this, because neither the manufacturer nor the salon is liable for such damage - the responsibility lies with the user. But don't worry: with a little care, they can easily be avoided!

How to avoid discoloration - tips for everyday life

Now that we know the causes, here are the most important tips for keeping your extensions beautiful and true to color. These measures will protect your hair extensions from discoloration and other damage in both summer and winter:

• Choose avobenzone-free sunscreen: Pay attention to the ingredients in sunscreens. Some manufacturers offer special sunscreens that do not cause discoloration. Preferably use mineral sun creams with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide instead of chemical filters. These reflect UV rays instead of chemically absorbing them and do not react with the hair's keratin. Products with the label "does not stain" are often available. If in doubt, ask your hairdresser for recommended brands.
• Allow skin products to absorb completely: Apply lotion, cream or suntan lotion in good time before dressing and styling your hair. Tie up your extensions while you apply lotion. Wait until the skin care product is completely absorbed and dry before it comes into contact with your hair. You can wipe off any excess cream from your shoulders and neck with a clean cloth. This will reduce the amount that can get into your hair.
• Put your hair up or protect it: When you are out in the sun or doing sports that make you sweat: Wear your hair tied up (bun, plait, braided hairstyle) and avoid having it constantly lying on creamed-up skin. A stylish hat or silk scarf can also be very useful at the beach or pool - they protect against UV radiation and prevent your hair from coming into direct contact with skin and water. The following applies to blonde extensions in particular: it is better to wear your hair up if sun protection is involved.
• Minimize contact with chlorine and salt water: Ideally, you should avoid diving into the pool or sea with extensions or keep your head above water. If that's no fun, then at least: Wet hair before swimming and rinse with clear tap water (this way it is less likely to soak up chlorine/salt water). If necessary, apply some leave-in conditioner or hair oil to the lengths as a barrier. Rinse immediately after swimming: Rinse hair thoroughly with fresh water to wash out chlorine, salt and any chemicals. The same applies to thermal baths: after bathing, rinse your mane well with normal water and condition.
• Clean gently on a regular basis: Use a clarifying shampoo (deep cleansing shampoo) from time to time to remove buildup from products, minerals or chlorine. Professional brands such as NEWSHA offer mild deep cleansing shampoos that remove residues from the hair without over-stressing it. This type of cleansing is particularly useful after a vacation or frequent use of the swimming pool. Important: Always follow with a nourishing treatment or conditioner to keep the hair supple.
• Use UV protection for hair: Just as there is sunscreen for the skin, there are UV protection sprays for the hair. These products contain UV filters that protect the hair from radiation and prevent fading. High-quality examples (e.g. Oribe Invisible Defense) are light and leave no film, but offer effective protection against UV rays and even other environmental influences. A few sprays in your hair before going out in the sun can make all the difference - your extensions will remain color-fast and moisturized.
• Care, care, care: Well cared for extensions are more resistant to everything. Always keep your hair extensions sufficiently moisturized and nourished so that the cuticle layer remains closed. Regularly use moisturizing masks and oils for the lengths (e.g. a rich mask once a week). Well-sealed hair is less likely to absorb foreign pigments. However, make sure you only apply oils to the lengths and ends and not to the bonding areas so as not to loosen the bonds. According to experts, a thin layer of hair oil on the ends before a beach day can help to reduce the penetration of staining substances.
• Gentle styling routine: Avoid high heat when styling and always protect the hair with heat protection spray. Overheated, dry hair is more susceptible to chemical reactions. Comb extensions carefully so as not to damage the cuticle - intact hair is less likely to absorb foreign substances than rough, damaged hair. And as mentioned above: wash once more after smoke or smoggy environments to remove deposits before they settle.
• Be careful with clothing: It is best not to wear any brand new, dark-colored clothing with freshly made, light-colored extensions without having washed them first. If you wear hats or scarves, choose ones that do not stain. If in doubt, you can wear a silk scarf under your woolly hat to avoid direct friction - this prevents discoloration as well as hair breakage and static electricity.

To summarize: You can significantly reduce the risk of discoloration by taking a few precautionary measures. The most important rule is to handle your extensions with care, especially when applying products or going into the water. Always remember what touches your hair and act according to the motto: It's better to protect or rinse once more than too late afterwards! Your extensions will thank you with long-lasting and radiant color.

Conclusion

Hair extensions give you dreamy length and fullness in the blink of an eye - but they also require a little extra care to stay beautiful. Discoloration of the extensions does not usually occur by chance, but due to certain external influences such as sunscreen, chlorine, salt water or water containing minerals. The fact that extensions are more affected by this than natural hair is due to their pre-damaged and porous structure - it is therefore a normal circumstance for all brands and methods that you should be aware of. The good news is that if you know the causes, you can prevent it. With suitable products (e.g. mineral sunscreen and UV spray for hair), the right care and a few tricks in everyday life, discoloration can be avoided in most cases. Your tapes, bonds and wefts will retain their desired shade and shine as brightly as on the first day.

If an orange stain or similar does occur, do not panic. Seek advice from your extension professional - but be aware that personal negligence (e.g. due to sun cream) is not covered by the warranty. All the better if you take this advice to heart and don't let it get that far in the first place. With prudent behavior and the tips mentioned, you can enjoy your hair extensions carefree, whether on the beach in summer or in the mountains in winter. Your extensions will stay beautiful - and so will you!

Sources

1. Attention: Extensions discolored orange! - https://www.bellamidas.ch/blog/achtung-extensions-orange-verfaerbt
2. Remove orange stain. Help! My hair extensions are turning color - https://www.echthair.de/blogs/extensions/hilfe-meine-extensions-farben-sich-orange
3. Why Do Hair Extensions Turn Orange/Brassy? | Secret Hair Extensions - https://www.secrethairextensions.co.uk/why-do-hair-extensions-turn-orange-pinkbrassy/
4. Protect your hair extensions from discoloration - https://globalextend.de/blogs/hair-beauty-blog/oragen-verfaerbung-bei-extensions-vermeiden
5. Sunscreen and Hair Extensions | SimplyHair - https://www.simplyhair.co.uk/en-us/blogs/advice/sunscreen-and-hair-extensions
6. Extensions and sun protection: how to protect your hair from UV rays - https://simpliehair.com/journal/extensions-und-sonnenschutz-so-schuetzt-du-dein-haar-vor-uv-strahlen/
7. The right care for your hair extensions - https://www.nivea.at/beratung/schoene-haare/haarverlaengerung-pflegen

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